The retrospective evaluation of patients with anemia who applyed to Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Childhood Hematology Department between 2016-2018.

Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of anemia in children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features, laboratory findings and treatment processes of the patients diagnosed with anemia in Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University Medicine of Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Hematology Policlinic. This study is a retrospective type of study conducted at the Faculty of Medicine of Afyonkarahisar University between 1/1/2016-31/12/2018. The study group consisted of 153 patients with iron deficiency anemia. The study group was divided into two groups as Fe+2 and Fe+3 iron treated patients. The data were evaluated with IBM SPSS (Version 15) and the level of statistical significance was accepted as p <0.005.The study group consisted of 153 patients, 91 (59.5%) were female and 62 (40.5%) were male and the mean age was 6.7 ± 5.5 years. Of the study group, 52.3% had nutritional anemia, 20.9% had hemoglobinopathy, 7.2% had anemia and 6.5% had malignancy. Isolated iron deficiency (63.7%) was the most common cause of nutritional anemia. The most common physical examination finding was pallor in the conjunctiva (11.1%).The most common complaints were fever (10.5%), jaundice (7.8%) and menorrhagia (7.8%). In the study group, the most frequent isole Hb decreasing (88.2%) was observed when anemia was examined according to the decreased blood cell type. The most common etiology of anemia, lack of oral iron intake (18.9%) and thalassemia (16.3%) were determined. Previously iron-treated patients accounted for 28.8% (44) of the study group. Of these, 29 (67.7%) were Fe+2 preparations and 15 (32.3%) were Fe+3 preparations. There was no difference between the patients who received Fe+2 treatment and those who received Fe+3 treatment (p=0.692). The frequency of recurrence in patients treated with Fe+2 (26.7%) was higher than those receiving Fe+3 treatment (p= 0.03). It was found that the most common cause of recurrence was treatment incompatibility (44,4%). There was no significant difference in the blood parameters (Hb, Ferritin, MCV, B12, Folic Acid, WBC, Thrombocyte, vitamin D) between Fe+2 and Fe+3 treatment groups. As a result, iron deficiency anemia improved with Fe+2 and Fe+3 treatment, however, Fe+3 preparations with higher compliance and treatment compliance due to less side effects resulted in less recurrence in this age group.