The cosmic world in Ahmed Pasha's Divan

THE COSMIC WORLD IN AHMED PASHA'S DIVAN Azize Classical Turkish poets wrote their poems under the influence of many branches of science and belief, primarily religion, Islamic sciences and Sufism, as well as astronomy and astrology. In addition to their scientific knowledge, they reflected their feelings and dreams by turning to the realms of the heart, and their impressions of nature, the heavens and the universe by looking at the external world in their poems. Therefore, the sky, stars, star clusters, zodiac signs, planets and other cosmic elements that human beings have always wondered about and tried to discover as a celestial-sublime realm have also been the focus of interest of the classical Turkish poet. Indeed, it has attracted attention that Ahmed Pasha, one of the important poets of the 15th century, also turned to the cosmic world and included various elements related to it in his poems. In his sole work, the poet included various information about the elements that constitute the cosmic world, as well as a number of symbols and metaphors, and numerous literary arts such as teşbih, tevriye, leff ü neşr, hüsn-i talil and exaggeration based on their characteristics. Ahmed Pasha, in his divan written upon the request of Sultan Bayezid II, used various literary arts while describing the beliefs, traditions and customs of the society, clothing, the state's administrative style and functioning, economy, and the social and cultural events of the period. Cosmic elements are re-embodied through the poet's filter of emotion, thought, and imagination. In his poems, flowers are the stars of the earth, the heavens are the colored boxes, the sun is a ruler wearing a citrus dress and a crown or a calligrapher writing the verse of the Conquest, the crescent is a cone in terms of its shape, the moon and the sun are çeng in terms of their positions relative to each other. The poet is literally building a mansion in the sky with his word chains, while the celestial elements help him. It is stated that the Sevr (Taurus) sign carries lime to the sky every morning, the stars of the sky pour pebbles every night and the moon draws straw from the threshing floor and the wheel of fortune pours water to it with the Delv (Aquarius) sign. The celestial elements are virtually in cooperation in the construction of the mansion of Fatih Sultan Mehmed. The divan is an interdisciplinary study such as the science of stars (ilm-i nücum), political science, history, geography, religious-mystical and musical, and has been presented in an artistic style. In the divan of Ahmed Pasha, who is also known as a statesman, it is aimed to reach the semantic world of his poems together with the elements belonging to the cosmic world and to provide a better understanding of the poet. The poems in the poet's divan have been tried to be analyzed in the context of the cosmic world. The poet, who turned to cosmic elements under the influence of Hâfız-ı Şîrâzî, observed the world of existence and used the elements in this world as the material of his poetry. Thus, it was concluded that Ahmed Paşa handled cosmic elements with a poet's sensitivity in a literal and figurative sense and applied many arts, especially the metaphor, in a way that would create a cosmic symphony.