The prognostic importance of cyclooxygenase-2, vascular endothelial growth factor, osteopontin and human papilloma virus in lung cancer

ABSTRACTThe Prognostic Importance of Cyclooxygenase-2, Vascular EndothelialGrowth Factor, Osteopontin and Human Papilloma Virus in LungCancerBeing in advanced stage of the patients at the time of diagnosis is the meanreason of high prevalence of mortality in lung cancer. Thus new markers are needed forboth early diagnosis and prognosis. In this study, the expressions and prognosticimportance of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),osteopontin and human papilloma virus (HPV) were evaluated.We enrolled 125 adult patients (Female/Male=25/100, mean age=56.41±3.8).Men gender, mean age and smoking status were significantly higher in lung cancergroups diagnosed by bronchoscopic biopsy (group1) and diagnosed by other methods(group2) than control group. The degree of cyclooxygenase-2 expression and theintensity of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression werefound significantly higher in Group 1 than the control group. The degree and intensityof COX-2 expression and the intensity of vascular endothelial growth factor expressionwas found higher in Group 1 than the control group in small cell lung carcinomapatients. The intensity of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor inGroup 1 was higher than the control group in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients.There was no relationship between the degree and intensity of osteopontin expressionand the patient groups. In addition, there was no HPV positivity in lung cancer groups 1and 2. In survival analysis, we determined no significant relationship between survivaland the degree and the intensity of COX-2, VEGF, and osteopontin expression.As a conclusion, COX-2, VEGF and osteopontin was not helpful in predictingthe prognosis. And also the role of HPV in the carcinogenesis of lung cancer couldn?tbe shown.Key Words: Cyclooxygenase-2, lung cancer, tumor marker, osteopontin, humanpapilloma virus, survival, vascular endothelial growth factor,VI