Intraoperative pressure injury and determination of risk factors

This study was planned to determine the risk of intraoperative pressure injury (IPJ) specific to the surgical site and the factors contributing to its occurrence. The research is a descriptive cross-sectionsl design. The study was carried out on 200 patients who underwent surgery in the operating rooms of a private university hospital. Data of the study were obtained through the patient clinical records of the "Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics Form" and the "3S Intraoperative Risk Assessment Scale of Pressure Sore, Turkish Form (3S-RTÖ)". Voluntary consent was obtained from the ethics committee, institutions, and participants for the study. 53.5% of the participants were female, average age was 50.26±17.30, and 40% had chronic diseases. Intraoperative pressure injury was seen only as Stage I in 18% of them. The 3S-RTÖ risk score of 36 (18.0%) patients who developed pressure injury (17,64±3,081) was evaluated as higher risk than the 3S-RTÖ risk score of 164 (82.0%) patients who did not develop pressure injury (p=0,004). Intraoperative pressure injury; was more common in female (p=0.013) patients, those over the average age of 57 years (p=0.004), and those with chronic diseases (p=0.035), and with blood pressure changes (hypo/hypertension). The fact that the amount of bleeding of the participants was more than 200 ml, the duration of the operation lasted longer than three hours, and the major surgical intervention were important in the occurrence of intraoperative pressure injury (p=0.001). In determining the risk of intraoperative pressure injury, it is important to know the individual characteristics of the patients as well as the risks specific to the surgery. Intraoperative pressure injury is an important complication that operating room nurses need to detect early and take precautions in patients undergoing major surgery.