Creating greenhouse gas, PM10, NOX and SO2 E inventory and emission reduction applications in Antalya port

Ports have a very important place in world trade. 90% of today's trade is carried out through ports. Due to their activities, ports are an important source of emission of many different atmospheric pollutants. While some of the port emissions are caused by gases with a greenhouse effect, the other part is pollutants (gases and particles) that have a shorter residence time in the atmosphere but have a greater health impact around the port. Antalya shows a rapid development in terms of agriculture, tourism and trade in our country. Antalya Port is the largest organized port on the 624 nautical-mile coastline between İzmir and Mersin, and is protected by breakwaters. In this study, greenhouse gas, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter emission inventory was calculated as a result of port and ship activities of Antalya Port, which has an important place for our country. It has been determined that the highest share in the direct emissions of the port originates from the port machinery equipment using diesel oil. In the emissions from ships, it has been determined that the emissions made by container and dry cargo ships during their stay in the port have the highest share. Two scenarios have been studied to reduce the emissions of pollutants and to reduce the effects of emissions on the receiving environment. In the first scenario, it has been determined that if 20% of the ships are supplied with electricity from the shore during their stay in the port, a total reduction in CO2 emissions of 12.65% and 15.14% for 2019 and 2020, respectively. In the second scenario, if 50% of the electricity consumed within the scope of port operational activities is met from renewable energy sources and 20% of the port machinery equipment is replaced with electrical machines and energy is supplied from renewable sources, the greenhouse gas emission reduction amounts for 2019 and 2020 will be reduced by 6.05% and 4.97%, respectively. The results show us that mitigation scenarios should be implemented without losing time in order to prevent climate change.