The effect of virtual reality application in Arabic teaching on student attitudes and an examination of student opinions

In today's Arabic language teaching, several challenges have arisen due to the adoption of traditional methods, such as low student motivation, lack of speaking practice, and limited use of innovative approaches that could enhance the effectiveness of the learning process. In this context, this study employed a virtual reality application that enables students to actively practice the language in real-life scenarios while improving their listening, speaking, and interaction skills. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the virtual reality application used in the Arabic preparatory class on students' attitudes and to examine their opinions regarding the application. The research sample consisted of 20 students enrolled in the Arabic preparatory class at the Faculty of Theology, Fırat University, during the 2024–2025 academic year. A mixed-methods approach was adopted. Quantitative data were collected using the "Attitude Scale Towards the Arabic Course," while qualitative data were obtained through a "Semi-Structured Interview Form." The quantitative data were analyzed using the "SPSS 22" software, and the qualitative data were analyzed using the "Content Analysis" method. The results revealed significant differences in students' self-efficacy, motivation, expectation, and professional relevance sub-dimensions of the attitude scale, while no significant change was observed in the interest, anxiety, necessity, and importance sub-dimensions. Most students expressed positive opinions about the virtual reality application, whereas some reported negative views concerning software issues, cost, and eye discomfort. Keywords: Religious education, Arabic teaching, Technology, Virtual reality, Attitude, Student opinions