Andalusian Jews in Europe and their contribution to the transfer of Islamic science to Europe (XI-XV centuries)

Andalusian Jews in Europe and Their Contribution to the Transfer of Islamic Science to Europe (XI-XV Centuries) As well as Jews are one of the oldest communities in the world, Judaism is the earliest of monotheistic religions. Jews spread over a wide geography and lived in different communities and cultures. They have become a closed society in themselves. These different cultures have had various effects on Jews. Their travels which enable them to communicate with each other, and migrations, are another important factor in this interaction. The effect of Andalus society and culture on Jews in the Iberian Peninsula, one of the geographies where Jews had lived, and the transfer of this influence to Christian Europe by Jews though travel and migration between XI-XV centuries, and especially the effect on Jews society living there constitute the subject of our thesis. There is various research about al-Andalus Jews. In our country there is no specific thesis on the activities of al-Andalus Jews in Europe and especially the transfer of al-Andalus civilization to Jews in Europe. For this reason, this topic was chosen as the subject of our research. Al-Andalus Jews left from Spain, travelled to countries such as Italy and Southern France, or settled in these countries by immigrating. Thus, they made great efforts to transfer the knowledge they had gained in Andalus to people living in these lands, especially to the Jews in there. These efforts appear especially as translation studies. The translators, who also wrote their own books, played an important role in conveying the knowledge and ideas of Muslim scholars and Jews who grew up in al-Andalus to geographies they went to. Keywords: al-Andalus, France, Ibn Tibbon, Josef Kimhi, Ibn Ezra.