Development of a father-preterm newborn bonding model

Objective: The aim of this thesis project is to develop the Father-Preterm Newborn Bonding Model. Method: This thesis project comprises a two-stage application. In the initial phase, the conceptual framework was developed through the synthesis of data derived from Bowlby's Attachment Theory, Klaus and Kennell's (1992) concept of bonding, current clinical guidelines, and a comprehensive literature review. In the second stage, a mixed-methods research study was conducted, and the model was finalised in accordance with the findings obtained. The sample for the mixed-methods study was composed of fathers of preterm newborns. The quantitative component of the study was registered with Clinical Trials (NCT06186453). The mixed method research employed an embedded mixed design. Meleis' theory-research-theory approach was adopted in the model development process. The thesis project was conducted between 08.03.2023-17.07.2024. Results: In a mixed-method study conducted to improve father-preterm newborn bonding, it was found that the Father-Preterm Newborn Bonding Program improved postnatal fathering behaviours, reduced fathers' neonatal intensive care unit support needs, reduced stress levels and reduced stress levels of newborns. In the qualitative study findings, five themes (father-preterm newborn attachment during the sensitive period, father's cognitive awareness towards his baby, father's behavioral awareness towards his baby, father's feelings towards Father-Preterm Newborn Bonding Program experiences, and father's suggestions for the Father-Preterm Newborn Bonding Program) were identified. In line with the findings obtained from the mixed methods research, the Father-Preterm Newborn Bonding Model was developed. Conclusion: A Father-Preterm Newborn Bonding Model has been created that neonatal intensive care nurses can use to improve the attachment between the father and the preterm newborn.