The effects of essential oils of some plants used as spices on the development of black microfungi which cause damage to the historical structures within side antique city and its surrounding

ABSTRACT THE EFFECTS OF ESSENTIAL OILS OF SOME PLANTS USED AS SPICES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF BLACK MICROFUNGI WHICH CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE HISTORICAL STRUCTURES WITHIN SIDE ANTIQUE CITY AND ITS SURROUNDING Hatice YILDIZ ACAR Master's Thesis, Department of Biology Advisor: Prof. Dr. Hacer SERT January 2019; 97 pages This study has been carried out to determine the antifungal effects of essential oils, obtained from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, on the historical structures that were corroded by black microcolonial fungi in the Antique City of Side. Black microfungi taken from historical structures in the ancient city between the years of 2016-2018 and Origanum majorana L., Origanum minutiflorum O. Schwarz et. P. H. Davis and Mentha longifolia L. subsp. typhoides (Brig.) Harley plants constitute the subject of the study. Essential oils obtained from plants, whose antifungal effects would be examined, were applied on microfungi, which were grown in In vitro conditions, at three different concentrations (%0,1, %1 and %3) and then the cell counts of microfungi were made before and after the application. At the end of the study, when the essential oils, obtained from O. majorana, O. minutiflorum and M. longifolia plants, were applied on Coniosporium, Sarcinomyces, Capnobotryella, Phaeococcomyces and Cladosporium species, which caused corrosion in the historical structures within the study field, it was determined that their fungal effects increased as their concentration increased and this suppressed the growth of these black microfungi species. Key Words: Black Microfungi, Historical Structures, Side, Spices, Essential oils, Turkey JURY: Prof. Dr. Hacer SERT (Supervisor) Assc. Prof. Dr. Hakan ALLI Assist. Prof. Özge TUFAN ÇETİN