Failure analysis of Batman dam and evaluation in terms of dam safety

Nowadays, the need for both irrigation-drinking water and energy has increased at the same rate with the increasing amount of consumption. As a result, the safety of the dams constructed regardless of the presence of downstream settlements has become questionable. Thanks to the developing technologies, it has become possible to take various precautions by creating risk analyses under different scenarios according to the type of dams, topography and size of the residential area. Particularly, by reaching a more realistic level in simulation programs, more consistent results can be achieved. In this study, by examining the dam safety issue, the danger situation for the Batman Dam has been revealed in line with the risk potential classification criteria for the dams at the design stage or in operation. More accurate results have been tried to be obtained by using the CORINE infrastructure, a land cover/use classification system for the roughness coefficient, which has significant importance for hydraulics. In order to increase the accuracy of the simulation, 1/1000 scale maps of Batman Stream and 1/25000 scale maps were integrated. To fully reveal the existing risks, the most up-to-date periodic inspection report of the Batman Dam, which has been in operation since 2003, has been examined, and 3 different scenarios have been tried to be determined with a holistic approach. The scenarios were compared by creating hazard maps based on the product of the depth and velocity values of the flood wave. The result data showed that the flood hydrograph is similar but not fully equalized at a distance of 30 kilometers from the dam due to differences in breach geometry and failure times. The simulation, which was created using the data of the Flow Observation Station on the Batman Stream along with the flood data from the past, was calibrated. Using the HEC-RAS program for the collapse simulation of Batman Dam, flood hazard map have been tried to be revealed in case of flood waves that will occur after a possible collapse. With the obtained result data, it has been possible to determine the early evacuation periods for the residential areas downstream before the flood waves reaches by deciding which areas will be flooded. It is strongly believed that disaster risk can be reduced with this study, which can also form a basis for short and long-term development plans in addition to the current situation.