Determination of susceptibility to fusarium head blight diseases pathogen fusarium graminearum and fusarium culmorum of some wheat varieties

Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium culmorum are the most common causes of Fusarium Head Blight in the world. In this study, Eskişehir Transitional Zone Agricultural Research Institute, Sakarya Maize Research Institute, Tareks incorporated and Trakya Agricultural Research Institute Directorate of wheat varieties registered under the field conditions against F. graminearum and F. culmorum to test the type II and V resistance criteria. The study was carried out in the experimental land of Sakarya Maize Research Institute. Isolated and diagnosed in the experiments and high virulence F. graminearum and F. culmorum factors and the suspension prepared by mixing these two factors in a ratio of 1: 1 was used in 3 separate trials, 3 replications and each replica was established as 15 parcels. In each parcel, 2 spikes in the middle of 8 ears randomly selected during flowering stage, 1x106 conidi/ml obtained from F. graminearum and F. culmorum isolates developed in SNA medium. About 10 ml of spore suspension injected. In inoculated ears, evaluations were made 7, 14 and 21 days after inoculation. The diseased area of the spike and the entire spike length were noted separately and the disease development was evaluated as a percentage by taking the ratio of the diseased area to the spike neck. Data obtained at three different times were used to calculate the Area Under Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC). According to the AUDPC calculation, F. culmorum, F. graminearum and mixture suspension were used in 3 trials. In the experiment using F. culmorum, Kaynarca cultivar gave the lowest disease severity value while Acar cultivar gave the lowest disease severity in F. graminearum and mixture suspension. The grains obtained from the ears applied during harvest were evaluated and the diseased grain rate was found. As a result of the evaluation, the highest value according to the diseased grain ratio was F. culmorum and F. graminearum, Harmankaya-99 variety was used in the experiment and Atay-85 variety was used in the experiment. The lowest value of F. culmorum and the mixture was given in the experiment Acar cultivar, while F. graminearum agent was applied in the experiment Halis cultivar.