The establishing of antiradical, antibacterial and anticancer properties with phytochemical compounds of some edible plants

The natural antioxidant compounds show the antibacterial, anticancer and antiradical properties. These antioxidant compounds are abundantly found in the vegetables, fruits, seeds, flowers, barks and roots. Many of the previous studies have been shown that the plenty of vegetables and fruits consumption reduce the risk of diseases, and this consumption causes an appreciable decrease in the cardiovascular diseases, cancer cases and death rates. Recently, the determination of the potential antiradical, antibacterial and anticancer properties of the plants, as well as the determination of the phytochemical compounds in the plants (phenolic acids, flavonoids, vitamins, sterols, fatty acids, etc.) have been began to record a great progress. In recent years, the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria and unwanted side effects in the synthetic drugs, which are used for the treatment of cancer and tumor, has pioneered to product antibiotics and drugs with the natural origin. In this study, it was determined that the antiradical, antibacterial and anticancer properties of the water, ethanol and methanol extracts of Celtis tournefortii, Malva neglecta, Rheum ribes, Rumex acetosella, Portulaca oleracea and the phytochemical compounds contained in these plants. The antiradical properties of the extracts were investigated via DPPH, ABTS, OH radical scavenging activities, their antibacterial properties were determined against several microorganisms, which are caused infection, such as Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Candida albicans yeast. Anticancer properties of these plants were deterimined by MTT assay on the MCF-7 (human breast cancer), HCT-116 (human colon cancer), PC-3 (human prostate cancer) ve A2780 (human ovarian cancer) cells under in vitro conditions. In addition, vitamins, sterols, flavonoids, phenolic acids and fatty acids contents were also assayed contain in these five plant species. According to results, it was determined that M. neglecta methanol and C. tournefortii water extracts for scavenging of OH radical; P. oleracea water extract for scavenging of ABTS radical; R. ribes and R. acetosella water, ethanol, methanol extracts for scavenging of OH, ABTS, DPPH radicals showed higher activity than standard antioxidant BHT. It was observed extracts have antibacterial activity; in particular, they were more effective scavenged than standard antibiotic for some bacteria species. It was determined that plants in this thesis showed very potent anticancer activity increasing dose-dependently on MCF-7, HCT-116, PC-3, A2780 cancer cell lines (p<0.05).