Phenological, morphological and pomological characteristics of some local apricot genotypes and determination of their genetic realationships and self-incompatibility by molecular markers

Turkey has got an important position in apricot growing in the world. As in the other fruit species multiplication is done by seedlings. Due to that it is possible to find waste genetic resources in Anatolia. In this concept a genetic resources plot was established in Malatya Fruit Research Institute. In this plot natural apricot of both drying and table types and varieties were gathered.With this Project, apricot varieties namely dried apricot ones which were in the Genetic Resources plot of Malatya Fruit Research Institute were investigated for the phenological, morphological and pomological characters and they were evaluated according to the UPOV criteria. In the UPOV criteria 57 items were considered and Agerik was found the only fuzzyless genotype. The obtained results have shown that Alkaya, GU-52 and the latest maturing Levent can be registered. These genotypes will be among the important varieties in the future.In this project RAPD, ISSR and SSR methods were used in 96 genotypes. As a result of fingerprints, genetic diversity and relatedness and self compatibility of these genotypes and varieties were shown by using genetic markers. Among these methods, the highest polymorfism (98%) was obtained with SSR and followed by ISSR (88%) and RAPD (77%). In ISSR method, 164 bands were obtained and 145 of them were polymorphic. In RAPD method, 130 bands were obtained and 99 of them were polymorphic. In SSR totally 84 bands were obtained and 83 of them were polymorphic. In this study, 16 SSR primers and 20 for both ISSR and RAPD primers were used. In this work SRc-R and SRc-F primers were used to amplify self compatibility allele. Within the 96 genotypes, 33 of them amplified Sc allele that is 353 bp. In the important varieties of Turkey such as Hacihaliloglu, Kabaasi, Cataloglu, Soganci and Hasanbey Sc (self compatibility) allele was not observed.