As a subject of securitization irregular migration and European Union

Throughout history, people have voluntarily migrated from their communities to live on mandatory or better terms. Under the large mass movements lie different causes such as natural disasters, wars, epidemics, famine. In this study, firstly, the effects of people fleeing the civil war in Syria after the Arab Spring on the migration literature and the concepts they have added to the literature will be discussed. In particular, the concept of irregular migration will be emphasized and the rights of asylum seekers and refugees will be considered in international regulations. The compatibility of states and international organizations with these regulations will be discussed. The factor that distinguishes Europe from other regions of the world as one of the most important migration routes is the integration movement on the continent that began after the second half of the 20th century and the European Free Zone that developed accordingly. A large-scale free movement zone has been created, as a result of which migration policies have been implemented to protect external borders and have led to the rise of border walls. These policies, which are based on security, have increased the rhetoric of "Fortress Europe" against irregular migration. Thus, a number of dilemmas have arisen in the migration control of the European Union. On the one hand, human rights and democratic values are on the other hand, elements such as national sovereignty, economy and security are on the other hand. After the terrorist incidents increased after the September 11 attack and the populist discourses of the far-right parties, the perception of immigrants has started to change. These developments have led the EU to thoroughly raise its borders and cover them with barbed wire. This situation drew attention to the fact that the migration phenomenon is evaluated primarily in terms of the security dimension. The study of migration from the point of view of security, which will form the basic framework of the study, will be evaluated in the light of the Copenhagen School's securitization theory. In addition to the Copenhagen School, the Paris School will also be evaluated with the analyses that they have added to the securitization theory that has changed the traditional perception of security, and the comparative analyses of these schools will shed light on our study. Then, in the historical process, with the increasing xenophobia and far-right rhetoric in Europe having an impact on European politics, the Union's migration securitization and externalization policies will be discussed. The EU has systematized the securitization stages of migration through the mechanisms it implements. Instead of finding a solution to the migration problem in its new policies, the Union wanted to keep it out of Europe and manage it there more. In particular, through the readmission agreements it has implemented, it has tried to control irregular migration and has destroyed it to third countries outside its territory. Does everyone take their own responsibility for irregular migration as a destination, source and transit country? So, have the rhetoric on migrant issues and human rights that the EU migration policies have received under the name of common migration policies been put into practice in practice?