An analysis of the cumulative antibiogram data of a university hospital

This study retrospectively analyzed six years (2019–2024) of antibiogram data from our hospital to generate cumulative antibiogram reports for empirical treatment and the Antibiotic Management Program. Results from 2024 were compared to previous years to assess resistance changes and establish a standardized reporting model. Clinical isolates from samples sent to the bacteriology unit of the Central Laboratory of Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Hospital were evaluated according to the guidelines of the Clinical Microbiology Specialists Association (KLİMUD). Identification was performed using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization – Time of Flight and BD Phoenix systems. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out using BD Phoenix, disk diffusion, and E-test methods. The results were reported via the Laboratory Information Management System in accordance with the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and the Turkish Society of Microbiology – Standardization of Antibiotic Susceptibility Tests guidelines. For analysis, only the first isolates accepted as infectious agents were evaluated and examined on an annual basis in line with the KLİMUD data analysis and presentation guide. Based on our findings, for empirical treatment, combination therapy should be preferred for infections caused by A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae, E. faecium, extra-urinary E. cloacae, and P. mirabilis. For infections stemming from C. freundii, E. coli, M. morganii, P. aeruginosa, S. marcescens, urinary E. cloacae, and P. mirabilis, amikacin and meropenem are the preferred choices. When dealing with H. influenza infections, meropenem and levofloxacin should be selected. Regarding other specific pathogens, penicillins are appropriate empirical treatment options for E. faecalis, while co-trimoxazole is suitable for S. aureus and S. epidermidis, and moxifloxacin for S. pneumoniae. Notably, vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin have consistently demonstrated high efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria across all years. It's also worth mentioning that susceptibility rates are generally higher in urinary infections, and aminoglycosides continue to be effective agents.