Root canal reconstruction using biological dentin posts: 3D finite element analysis

Endodontically treated teeth become more fragile than vital teeth due to the loss of material and weakening of the collagen fibrils in the dentin layer of the tooth as a result of the procedures performed during root canal preparation. The restoration of endodontically treated teeth with excessive coronal destruction as a result of post-core treatment is now preferred. Several post types have been developed for clinical use. A biological dentin post obtained from an extracted tooth will eliminate the problems created by material differences and reduce the fracture rate in teeth undergoing root canal treatment. This study compared a biological dentin post with posts made of two different materials using finite element analysis. Three three-dimensional models of the upper central incisor were created and stainless steel, glass fiber, and biological dentin posts were applied to these models. The restoration of the models was completed by applying a composite as the core structure and a ceramic crown as the superstructure. Using the finite element stress analysis method in the restored models, a 100 N force was applied in the vertical and horizontal directions and at a 45-degree angle and the suitability of the biological dentin post was evaluated by comparing the data. Under the applied forces, the greatest stress accumulation was seen in the models using the stainless steel post. Because the stainless steel post is more rigid, the forces accumulated on the surface, instead of being transmitted to the tooth tissue. In the models with the glass fiber and biological dentin posts, the post material responds to the stratification in tandem with the dental tissue and does not cause excessive stress accumulation on the tooth or post surfaces. The results show that biological dentin posts prevent the accumulation of stresses that could cause a fracture in teeth undergoing root canal treatment. In addition, the physical compatibility and biocompatibility of the biological dentin post with the tooth imply that it is a good alternative to the types of post currently used.