Investigation of the irritation, sensitization and cytotoxic effects of n- butyl 2 cyanoacrylate in subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravascular administration, used as A surgical adhesive

Aim: N-Butyl 2 cyanoacrylate is using for various type of tissues as a surgical adhesive. Despite this agent has reports in regards of biocompatibility, there is limited data published about it's multisystemic and hystopathological effects on tissues. In this study we aimed to investigate irritation, sensitization and cytotoxic effects of N-Butyl 2 cyanoacrylate with subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravascular administration. Material and Methods: Wistar Albino genus 16 healthy adult male (250 ± 5 gram) rats were divided into control and study groups. Determination of normal histological structure and routine physiologic observation was aimed in control group. In the study groups, 0.3 ml N-Butyl 2 cyanoacrylate injection were applied, via subcutaneous route for irritation and sensitization evaluation in the waist and back shaved group, via intramuscular route for cytotoxicity evaluation in the right femoral shaved group, and via tail vein injection for systemic toxicity evaluation in vascular administration group. Rats were sacrificed after 72. hours observation period and venous endothelium, muscular, dermal and epidermal tissues were examined histopathologically. Findings: Marked endothelial injury were detected in only intravenous administration. Extreme reaction and marked histopatholgical changes were not observed in regards of irritation, sensitization and cytotoxicity groups . Conclusion: Only intravascular administration of N-Butyl 2 cyanoacrylate, as a surgical adhesive usage, was lead advanced tissue injury in regards of local and systemic effects. However, this experimental model should be supported with clinical comprehensive studies.