Demographic review and classification of patients with spinal deformity required for surgical treatment

Aim: Spinal deformities are a significant group of diseases that can lead to serious loss of comfort and cardiac/respiratory problems in human life. Deformities that exceed a certain limit should be treated surgically. The aim of this study is to demographically review surgically treated patients with spinal deformity and to contribute to the literature by classifying their deformities. Material and Method: In this study, demographic characteristics of patients operated for spinal deformity at the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Turgut Özal Medical Center were investigated between 2011 and 2018.The patients were divided into three main groups: scoliosis, kyphosis and hypokyphosis. The SRS Classification was used for the classification of scoliosis patients. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients were also classified according to the Lenke Classification. Kyphosis patients were classified according to their etiology. Results: Of 485 patients treated surgically, 341 (70.4%) had scoliosis, 141 had kyphosis (29%), and three (0.06%) were patients with thoracic hypokyphosis deformities. The mean age of our patients was 16.25 (± 9.6). The number of female patients was 285 (58.5%) and the number of male patients was 200 (41.2%). Medulla spinalis pathology was observed in 123 (25.3%) of these patients. When the patients questioned for extra-deformity additional disease in an inquest; 144 (29.6%) of them had at least one additional disease. The most important group in scoliosis patients was the group of idiopathic scoliosis with 146 patients. Among the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Lenke Type 1 was the most common deformity. Scheuermann patients accounted for more than half of the patients with kyphosis. Conclusion: The SRS classification is an important, detailed, practical and useful etiological classification for the scoliosis deformities. However, updating of this classification method will be useful for the practice of scoliosis. Although Lenke classification is the most useful classification among Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis inducers, it remains an inadequate method for classification as it handles the deformity in two dimensions. Development of three-dimensional classification systems is mandatory for these patients. Keywords: Spine, Deformity, Scoliosis, Kyphosis, Lenke, Escobar