Mu'tazila criticism in Cevheretü't-tawhid commentaries

The science of Kalam has always attracted attention with its forward-looking moves in the historical process, depending on its development and changeable character. Although it had periods of hesitation from time to time, it did not compromise its lively and enterprising appearance. This characteristic feature of kalam paved the way for the emergence of different schools. Each emerging school has endeavored to prove the correctness of its own ideas and the falsity of opposing ideas. It produced a systematic thought by valuing reason and transmission according to the result it wanted to reach, and tried to bind the other side by developing methodological arguments in this framework. One of these schools is Ash'arism, which emerged as a reaction against the Mu'tazilite theology. Ash'arism is a sect represented by important thinkers in different regions. Cevheretü't-tawhîd and its commentators, who carried the Ash'ari belief principles from generation to generation and ensured the continuation of the sectarian identity, were also important representatives of the aforementioned school in the region. This study focuses on the 17 th century Ash'ari thought. In its commentaries on Cevheretü't-tawhîd, which is one of the works of the period and thereafter, it deals with the criticism of Mu'tazila. In the introduction part of the study, which consists of an introduction, three main sections and a conclusion, information about the author of Cevheretü't-tawhîd and his commentaries is given, and other commentaries written by the author are briefly mentioned. In the first chapter, the principle of tawhid, in which Mu'tazila is free from all deficient attributes, is discussed; Under the principle of tawhid, on the other hand, the subjects of attribution-ullah, kalamullah (halku'l-Qur'an), rü'yetullah and heaven-hell, in which the commentators frequently criticize Mu'tazila, are covered. In the second part, the principle of justice is discussed; also under the principle of justice, the subjects of righteousness-aslah, goodness-kubuh, good-evil, human actions are discussed. In the third chapter, other basic principles of Mu'tazila are touched upon. In this context, the issues of death, sustenance, intercession and major sins have been criticized and analyzed. As a result, Cevheretü't-tawhîd commentaries have the opportunity to contribute to researchers at a sufficient level in terms of reflecting all the codes of Ash'arism thought at the point of criticizing Mu'tazila.