In vitro evaluation of various properties of chlorhexidine and cetrimide containing conventional glass ionomer cement

It is stated that residual caries left in the cavity during atraumatic restorative treatment may cause failure and that bacteria under restorations may survive. Thus, it is considered that the incorporation of Chlorhexidine and Cetrimide in glass ionomer cement with various concentrations should be favorable with the purpose of developing antibacterial effectiveness of glass ionomer cements which can be used for ART. Though studies about antibacterial, chemical and physical changes occurring in the cement after incorporating CHX or CT powder into GIS are present, it is observed that no studies are performed about the incorporation of CHX or CT powder into the liquid of the cement. It is thought in this study that specimens in which powder was incorporated into their liquids would show better chemical and mechanical properties compared with the conventional method. Experimental groups were formed by adding CHX or CT compound in ratios of %1 or %5 into Fuji IX liquid or powder one by one. Fuji IX without AB was used as control group. The amount of released CHX or CT from antibacterial containing Fuji IX specimens were evaluated with HPLC, AB activity against S mutans and L casei of the specimens with Agar diffusion test, the changes in pH of the solution in time of specimens placed in lactic acid solution with pH analysis, changes in surface before and after placing in lactic acid solution with surface roughness analysis comparatively. The amount of time dependent release of fluoride ion from specimens soaked in distilled water was detected with ion selective electrode, detection of microleakage level with thermocycling, adhesive force value on primary teeth dentin surface with micro-tension test, and fracture type between adhesion surfaces of specimens with stereomicroscope.The aim of this study was to provide similar results in antibacterial effectiveness of combinations produced with incorporating CHX or CT powder into GIS liquid with that of conventional mixture type while providing the least reduction in chemical and physical properties of the cement thus obtaining ideal GIS and antibacterial combinations together with increasing antibacterial effectiveness.Key Words: physical properties, chemical properties, glass ionomer cement, Fuji IX, Cetrimide, Chlorhexidine, HPLC, Agar-diffusion test, antibacterial effect, lactic acid, surface roughness, fluoride release, thermocycling, microtensile