Kazakh-Tuvan languang contact in China

Tuvan is a member of the Northeast (Siberia) group of the Turkic language family and constitutes the South Siberian Turkic which is the lower branch of this group together with Karagas, Khakas, Shor, Altay Turkic and Chulym Turkic. The Tuvans, a Turkic people in South Siberia, live mainly in the Tuva Autonomous Republic of the Russian Federation. There are also some small Tuvan groups in Mongolia and China.The Tuvans, who live in China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region are called Jungar Tuvans, and their total population is about 2.000.This Tuvan group lives on the edge of the Kanas Lake in the Jungar-Altay region. This region is a place inhabited by 36 different people, mainly Chinese, Kazakh, Uyghur, Dungan and Tuvan. The total population of the region is 660.000, where 50% of the population are Kazakhs. In this study, language contact between two Kazakh and Jungar Tuvan language, the two Turkic varieties spoken in China, have been discussed. The relationship of the Jungar Tuvan with Kazakh has been examined from a simultaneous point of view on the basis of Lars Johanson's Code Copy Pattern. In this context, global copying, selective copying, and mixed copying are depicted in the Jungar Tuvan (A-language) which is socially low language by comparison with Kazakh (B-language), a socially dominant language in the region. For example, many elements (mostly names) of Arabic and Persian origins have been copied to the Jungar Tuvan, which are from A-language Kazakh. Whereas Standard Tuvan, which is spoken in the South Siberia, copying words from the Islamic languages are almost absent. In addition to its vocabulary, certain elements have been copied from Kazakh to Jungar Tuvan on a phonetic and morphological basis. In order to study this thesis, I have been in the region and had taken voice recordings from the Jungar Tuvans of different age groups living there, and then I have transcribed the transcriptive manuscript by analyzing those records. Some of the materials assessed in this study constitute the materials I have collected in this fieldresearch. As well as this, I have used the descriptions in the figures that Talant Mawkanuli and Monika Rind-Pawlowski had previously compiled and published in this area. Key words South Sibirian Turkic languages, Tuvan, Language contact, Kazakh, Jungar Tuvan.