CO2 emissions, natural gas, renewable energy resources and economic growth relationship: Dynamic analysis of variable in Turkey

Energy has a little more place in our lives with each passing day and is an important production factor. Especially, after 1990, various researches have been carried out by adding CO2 emissions to energy-economic growth relationship and adding specific variables in subsequent years. CO2 Emissions, Natural Gas, Renewable Energy and Economic Growth Relationship: Dynamic Variables Analysis made in this study, the gross domestic annual per capita belongs to the 1984-2017 year and per capita CO2 emissions and decreasing natural gas and per capita in Turkey renewable energy consumption data are used. A cointegration test was used to determine the existence of a long-term relationship between these variables. The empirical results because of the non-stationary variables between the variables for both models, the causality test of Toda and Yamamoto (1994) were used instead of the classical Granger Causality test. According to the results of the test, the existence of a significant causal relationship between total income and carbon dioxide emission could be determined. In this case it appears that preliminary draw an image in the form of reverse MCA supports the hypothesis in future periods and in Turkey. This shows that long-term income elasticity has decreased over time and the benefits of reducing CO2 emissions from economic growth will be over time. Finally, policy recommendations were emphasized not only to reduce CO2 emissions, but also to promote growth in the natural gas and renewable energy industries. Key Words CO2 emissions, Natural gas consumption, Renewable energy consumption, Environmental Kuznets curve, ARDL, Turkey