Research for NSE & S100-ß levels in patients with Co2 retention

RESEARCH FOR NSE & S100-ß LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH CO2 RETENTION Object and Aim: Carbon dioxide (CO2) retention is a physiopathological process which is defined as a decrease in removal of excess amount of CO2 by way of lungs for some reasons. Acute and chronic disorders of respiratory system and many other major systems of the body may cause a CO2 retention on the body. In these situations, CO2 retention is tried to be manipulated by the compensatory mechanisms of the body. Central nervous system (CNS) uses CO2 as a basic reagent in order to control respiratory system But CNS can not response properly with the excessive increase in CO2 levels. This improper response, hypoxia, hypercarbia and free oxygen radicals will start a harmful process and cause damage in CNS. In recent years, Scientists have been studying so many biomarkers like GFAP, NMDA, APO C1-C3, PARK7, NDKA, IGF-1, adiponectin, orexin A, NSE, S100-ß for detecting CNS damage. In our study, NSE which is an intra-cytoplasmic neuronal enzime and S100-ß which is a calcium binding protein are investigated. Our aim was to find out if these biochemical molecules would be a biomarker on detecting CNS damage after CO2 retention. Materials-Methods: This study was planned as a prospective study including 100 patients of which arterial blood gas had PaCO2>45mmHg at the time of arrival to our emergency clinic. 48 patients with normal CO2 were taken as control group. Simultaneous venous blood samples were collected and studied for detecting NSE and S100-ß levels. Data were interpreted in a statistics program in order to find out if CO2 and NSE, S100-ß levels were statistically related. Results: PaCO2 levels of selected patients was recorded as 64,40±14,73 (min:46, max:110) mmHg. NSE levels were measured as 69,45±363,96 ng/ml (min:0, max:3320 ng/ml). S100-ß levels were 160,57±540,55 pg/ml (min:0, max:3453,07 pg/ml). There were no statistically significant relations between PaCO2 and NSE levels (p=0,580). PaCO2 and S100-ß levels weren't statistically related, either (p=0,706). PaCO2 levels and mortality at arrival, after 1 week, 1 month and 6 months were statistically releated (p<0.05). Past medical histories and NSE- S100-ß levels of the patients were not releated. Conclusion: In our analysis, we found no statistically significant relations between PaCO2, NSE and S100-ß levels. These parameters may be meaningful if more studies go beyond our limitations. In order to find out if NSE or S100-ß could be used as a biomarker in CO2 releated CNS damage, we need further investigations. Keywords: Carbon dioxide retention, Neuron Spesific Enolase, S100-ß