Abdulhamid II and education in Turkish novel of Republican Period

Abdulhamid II who is the last ruler to some, who is the 34th sultan of the Ot-toman Empire in view of effective control over the Ottoman Empire to some re-maining on the throne between 1876-1909, had gained an ID according to the eye sees, according to the ear hears. He is a personage who has still discussed even today in Red Sultan and Ulu Hakan/Gok Hakan/Beyaz Hakan dilemma. In this study Ab-dulhamid II was tried to discuss with aspects of the Republican Period novels? fic-tions.Novelists of the Republican period had preferred to criticize Abdülhamid II and his period in order to help a little acceptance of the new administration. The most criticized issues are foreign policy, exile and censorship practices. Regarding to the Education, Ottoman and European educational systems were compared. Many of the main characters in novels are graduated among the best schools of Abdulhamid II such as Civil Service and Medical School; but they are persons opposed him. The schools, which were opened by Abdulhamid II in an effort to contribute bringing up a generation questioning, criticizing and knowing positive sciences; were revealed a generation to her opposition told in novels. In addition, the social and cultural decays created by foreign schools and westernization enthusiasm were also discussed in the novels.In novel of Sultan Hamid Duserken, Abdulhamid II was treated as a book character. But in the other novels he has taken place as a personage in the era and he has been protagonist of the range of events speaking and debating constantly.