The frequency of serous macular detachment and the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab injection in patients with diabetic macular edema

Purpose: The frequency of serous macular detachment accompanying diabetic macular edema (DME) and the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection on best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) , intraocular pressure (IOP) and central macular thickness (CMT) in the treatment of DME were investigated in this study. Material and method: A total of 79 eyes of 79 patients who underwent ophthalmic examination and treated with IVB injection at least for 3 times for DME in our retina clinic in the Department of Ophthalmology, Dicle, University medikal faculty between september 2011 and january 2013 were included to the study. The frequency of serous macular detachment has been found in all patients. All patients divided into two groups as group 1 ( patients who had serous macular detachment) and group 2 (who didn't have serous macular detachment). The BCVA, IOP, CMK(measured by optic coherence tomography) were determined as follow up criteria and two groups compared with each other. Findings: The frequency of serous macular detachment was % 41,8. Group 1 included 33 patients (25 female,8 male) , group 2 included 46 patients (23 female, 23 male). The mean age of group 1 and group 2 , 60,61±7,74 years, 61,54±8,10 years, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of mean age between two groups. Before the injection the BCVA of group 1 and group 2 ; 0,85±0,39 logMAR and 0,86±0,44 logMAR, respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of BCVA before injection. There were no statistically significant diferences 1., 3., 6., months measurements between two groups in terms of BCVA. The mean SMK in group 1 and group 2 ; 570,21±129 µ and 519,78±117,25 µ, respectively, before injection. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in terms of SMK before injection. The mean SMK measured in two groups at 1., 3., and 6. months were not statistically different from each other. Before injection the mean IOP of group 1 and group 2 were 17,30±2,72 mmHg and 17,52±2,61 mmHg , respectively. No statistically significant difference was observed between two groups in terms of IOP. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of IOP measured 1.,3., and 6. months in two groups. The mean BCVA of all patients was 0,85±0,42 logMAR before injection and the mean BCVA measured at 6. month was 0,85±0,92 logMAR. There was no statistically significant difference between these two measurement. The mean SMK of all patients was 540,85±124,27 µ before injection and was 400,13±94,79 µat 6. month. The SMK decreased after IVB injections. This was statistically significant. The mean IOP was before injection 17,43±2,04 mmHg and 19,33±3,03 mmHg at 6. month . There was statistically significant difference between pre injection IOP and 6. month IOP .The mean IOP increased with IVB injections.