Retrotspective analysis of patients performed fiberoptic bronchoscopy in Di̇cle university clinic of pulmonary diseases in january 2019- december 2020

Aim: In this study, we aimed to examine to determine the demographic features, to observe the treatment indications, to evaluate the adequacy of these procedures and to evaluate the complications in the patients who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) in our clinic retrospectively. Material and Method: Patients who underwent diagnostic FOB in Dicle University medical faculty hospital chest diseases clinic between January 2019 and December 2020 were retrospectively screened. All patient data including demographic information, vital data, imaging and transaction reports were obtained from the electronic patient registration system. Finding: 1451 patients were included in the study. 975 (67,2%) were male and 476 (32,8%) were females. The mean age of the patients is 54.14 (±17.40. The most common indication for FOB was lung cancer doubt and it was performed in 510 (35,1%) patients. Besides, 234 (16,1%) patients were TB, 124 (8,6%) patients were pneumonia, 111 (7,8%) patients were diagnosed with ILD, 71 (4,8%) hilar or mediastinal LAP presence, 51 (3,6%) Single or multiple nodule presence, 40 (2,7%) patients were lung metastases. Cough (53,4%), shortness of breath (38,8%), sputum (34,7%), hemoptysis (33,7%), fever (22%) and chest pain (16,8) are the most common complaints. Overall diagnosis of FOB in 1400 patients was 40%. Diagnostic success rates of FOB according to definite diagnosis were 36% in Lung cancer, 34,6% in pneumonia, 23,5% in ILD, 25,6% in TB and 22,5% in lung metastasis. 40 patients were diagnosed with ILD and the patients with the highest diagnostic success rate of FOB were in HP, sarcoidosis and OP. Only 29 (2%) patients had complications due to FOB. The most common complications were bleeding (%0,8), hipoxia (0,5%), hypertension (%0,3), tachycardia (0,2%), bronchospasm (%0,1), pneumothorax (0.1%). 387 patients were diagnosed with lung cancer. The most common types of cancer were squamous cell lung cancer (%36,4), adenocarcinoma (%30,7), and SCLC (%18). Results: FOB is a diagnostic procedure with a low complication rate and high diagnostic utility rate in many respiratory diseases. The most commonly used disease with the highest diagnostic yield is lung cancer. FOB is a useful procedure in terms of taking microbiological samples and planning treatment for the agent in patients with sputum, smear-negative TB and patients who cannot provide microbiological samples or pneumonia patients. FOB, which is a procedure with a wide range of indications and its usage area is quite wide.