Blowing techniques on the end- blown flute

This thesis investigates the intonation problems that arise from blowing techniques in the end-blown shepherd's flute (dilsiz kaval) and seeks to develop solutions to these issues. The absence of a fixed fipple mechanism in the end-blown shepherd's flute means that sound production depends entirely on the performer's breath control, lip position, and blowing angle. This makes accurate tone production particularly challenging for beginners and increases the likelihood of intonation errors. The study aims to design notation-based blowing exercises to improve intonation control and contribute to end-blown shepherd's flute pedagogy. A literature review was conducted, and the opinions of seven field experts were collected and analysed through thematic analysis. The developed exercises were designed for four distinct blowing levels, focusing on breath control, strengthening of the lip muscles, and coordination between fingering and blowing. The findings indicate that the exercises effectively reduced intonation errors, improved tone control, and enhanced technical skills. Expert feedback emphasised the importance of incorporating additional exercises that strengthen the lip muscles and of composing new études specifically for the end-blown shepherd's flute.