The effect of supply chain resilience and robustness on business performance within the framework of dynamic capabilities

The uncertainty caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic, the regional Ukraine-Russia war and the devastating earthquake in Turkiye in the last five years has disrupted the supply chains of businesses. In this complexity, the most effective way to minimize losses for businesses is to identify and develop appropriate capabilities to increase their supply chain resilience and robustness. The use of proactive and reactive capabilities will give businesses the chance to improve their performance and competitive advantage. This study aims to investigate the extent to which the resilience and robustness of business supply chains affect business performance in supply chain disruptions caused by uncertainties in environmental changes caused by natural and man-made events. In line with this purpose, it is thought that it will bring a different perspective to the literature by considering the dynamic capabilities aprroach to ensure the adaption of the business structure to the rapidly changing environment in situations where uncertainity prevails and by also considering the organizational information processing approach to process the necessary information for this adaption. In the study, flexibility, reserve capacity, collaboration, responsiveness and recovery capabilities, which are found to affect supply chain resilience in the literature, are also tested for supply chain robustness. Blockchain technology, which is relatively new in the supply chain literature, is also included in the research model. Data was collected from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Ankara, which are exporter small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) producing products in different sectors, with a survey created from the scales obtained from the literature. The data obtained were analyzed within the scope of structural equation modeling (SEM) and hypotheses were tested. The findings show that collaboration, a proactive capability, has a positive impact on robustness; recovery, a reactive capability, has a positive impact on both resilience and robustness; robustness has a positive impact on resilience; resilience and robustness have positive impacts on business performance and supply chain innovation plays a moderating role in the relationship between resilience and robustness. Also, it is revealed that flexibility and reserve capacity, proactive capabilities, have no effect on both resilience and robustness; collaboration, a proactive capability, has no effect on resilience; response, a reactive capability, has no effect on both resilience and robustness and blockchain technology does not have a moderating role in the relationship between collaboration and resilience. As a result, manufacturers use their own capabilities in the event of supply chain disruptions to make their supply chains resilient and robust and improve their business performance. Collaboration and recovery also have an indirect impact on this improvement. In this context, practitioners are advised to continue to innovate their processes to improve their business performance.