The prevalance of obesity in the adolescent students in the central district of Diyarbakir

SUMMARYTHE PREVALANCE OF OBESİTY IN THE ADOLESCENT STUNDETS IN THE CENTRAL DİSTRİCT OF DİYARBAKIRIn the last 20 years the increasing frequency of obesity is observed worldwide. It is understood that obesity among children and adolescents can persist into adulthood. Therefore, these subjects should be diagnosed earlier and should be treated as indicated.For this purpose ; the study has been planned and carried out in Central District of Diyarbakır Province on September-October 2009 to assess prevalence of obesity, nutritional habits, physical activity levels and its revelance to body weight of total 1205 adolescants, between the different socio-economic levels.This survey has been planned as a cross-sectional by taken 100 students from each of 12 schools which have been from different socio-economic status. First of all, students have been questionned by questionnaires to learn their socio-demographic properties and nutrition habits and then they were measured anthropometrically for their body mass indices were calculated. Data variables have been analized in SPSS programmes by using chi-square tests.As a result; we have been found 26.7 percent of the students are underweight ,66.1 percent is normal, 6.9 percent is overweight, 0.3 percent is obese 40.3 percent of stundets are underweight, 0.4 percent is obese in the students of primary schools which are in the lower socio-economic status, 29.1 percent of the students are thin in the high schools which are in the lower socio-economic status and no more obese have been seen here. In the schools of high socio-economic status;in primary schools; 26.0 percent is thin, 5.3 percent is over weight and in high scools; 9.9 percent is thin ,1.1 percent is obese. Being over weight is significiantly higher in high socio-economic status (p=0.002).There has been no meaningful relationships with the BMI and the ages of the students (p=0.976), which is one of the main factors of effects of the obesity and has seen that BMI is significiantly higher in males (p=0.001) when we compared the genders. Althought the mountly income, mother?s education?s levels,mother?s jobs,the number of the person in the families are meaningful (p=0.02, p=0.002, p=0.001, p=0.024), there has been no relationships between father?s education levels, father?s jops, the numbers of brothers/sisters (p=0.092,p=0.217,p= 0.76).The percent of overweight is 16.7 and the percent of obese is 0.4 in the students ,who have obese person in their families have been asked to determine the genetic properties of obesity, has no seen obese in the students who have no obese in thier families (p=0.017).There are no relationships between BMI and the metabolic diseaes,smoking,physical activity levels and body images (p=2.86, p=0.197, p=0.564,p=0.667).When the nutrition habbits of the students have been evaluated, 49.3 percents of students have not enough consumption in milk and milk products, 36.6 percents meat and meat products ,46.7 percents fruit and vagetables, 14.3 percents bread and grain groups.51 percent of the students have no breakfast,26.5 percent of students have no lunch 59.5 percent of students have showed `being unwilling?,18.9 percent `economical reasons? ,10.0 percent finding no time as a reasons.When we have looked the stundents? nutrition consumptions according to their BMI, there has been no relationship between the milk and milk products , meat, meat products and BMI (p=0.149, p=0.129),has a meaningful relationships between BMI and fruit and vagetables,bread, grains and oil-sugar consumptions (p=0.001, p=0.002, p=0.01, p=0.001) 90.1 percent of students have bought food from canteens, 3.7 percent bought out of the school, 0.9 percet have used refactories and 5.3 percent have taken with each others.Simit (66 percent), cold drinks(8.8 percent),chocolate-bıscuvies (8 percent) have been bought mostly from canteens.Conclution:At the end of the survey,we have seen that there can be an other problem caused by lower socio-economic status and lower educated level, wrong beliefs in nutrition,uneducated mothers,unfavorable life conditions which is more important in the prevalance of obesity in the central district of Diyarbakır is; Malnutrition in adolescents.Key words: Adolescant, Obesity, Nutrition