Investigation of population fluctuation, damage rate, and identification of predators and parasitoids of Tuta absoluta (Meyrcik) (Lepidoptera: gelechiidae) in different tomato varieties grown under field conditionsin Diyarbakir province

This study was conducted between 2021 and 2022 in open field tomato cultivation areas in Diyarbakır Province to determine the population dynamics, damage rates, predators, and parasitoids of the Tomato Leaf Miner [Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)]. In 2022, the highest number of adults was determined to be 280 individuals in Yenişehir district and 428 individuals in Çınar district. In 2023, the highest number of adults was recorded as 268 individuals in Yenişehir district and 435 individuals in Çınar district . In 2022, the damage rates on commercially grown tomato varieties in Diyarbakır were found to be 29.09% for Falcon, 32.55% for H-2274, and 27.14% for Alaturka F1. Among the genotypes, the damage rates were determined to be 34.83% for Lice tomatoes and 33.33% for Karacadağ tomatoes. In 2023, the damage rates were 39.55% for Falcon, 58.68% for H-2274, 38.65% for Alaturka, 52.43% for Lice tomatoes, and 51.02% for Karacadağ tomatoes. Additionally, in 2022, damage rates on the leaves of commercially grown tomato varieties in Diyarbakır were found to be 49.26% for Falcon, 58.68% for H-2274, and 45.45% for Alaturka F1. Among the genotypes, the damage rates were 47.52% for Lice tomatoes and 54.06% for Karacadağ tomatoes. In 2023, the damage rates were 62.30% for Falcon, 66.90% for H-2274, 59.48% for Alaturka, 56.43% for Lice tomatoes, and 64.80% for Karacadağ tomatoes. Furthermore, the study identified 6 parasitoid and 11 predator species. The identified parasitoid species were Bracon didemie Beyarslan, Bracon intercessor Nees, Bracon hebetor (Say, 1836), Apanteles gelechiidivoris Marsh, Campoplex haywardi Blanchard, Bracon (Habrobracon) viktorovi Fischer, and the predator species were Nysius graminicola (Kolenati, 1845), Nabis punctatus punctatus, Macrolophus costalis, Macrolophus pygmaeus (Rambur), Campylomma diversicornis Reut., Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens), Orius spp., Orius niger (Wolff), Coccinella septempunctata (L.), Geocoris megacephalus (Rossi, 1790), Hippodamia variegata (G.).