An epidemiological molecular and immunological study of hepatitis B virus type among blood donors in Dhi Qar governorate

Background: Hepatitis B virus infection is an infection that affects all aspects of quality of life, whether partial or total. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify some indicators of immunity against hepatitis B. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted at Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital between January 2022 and July 2022, and the study sample consisted of a control group of 55, a group of 55 females and 55 males. With varying degrees of disease activity in the data analysis, the number, percentage, and mean tests, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Dunn test were used. Results: The mean age of the control group was 45.65 ± 15.66, the mean age of the positive group was 48.98 ± 16.66 and the mean age of the negative group was 54.57 ± 18.56. There is a statistically significant relationship between age group, Albumin, ALT, White blood cells between these demographic data and interaction in HBV screening tests (R) total GGT showed statistically higher values in the positive group when compared to the control group and the interactive groups (p < 0.05). The m-GGT and S-GGT fraction showed significantly higher values in the positive group than in the other two groups. Conclusion: The idea that the s-GGT fraction is a particular biomarker of hepatocyte destruction, as seen in hepatitis C patients, is supported. Despite the fact that the 5-GGT fraction was larger in the positive group, the b-GGT/S-GGT ratio had the lowest values in this group; it is worth noting that the 75th percentile in the b-GGT/S-GGT-positive group was less than 25% in both the control and interaction groups.