Debates over modernization, democracy and republic within the context of Erendiz Atasü and Remzi Çayır

Modernity, which is not independent from capitalist development, evolved in two ways as technological modernity and emancipation modernity. Technological modernity, especially after French Revolution, took precedence over emancipation modernity and surpassed it. A large part of nineteenth and twentieth century was under the domination of liberalism, which was a symbol ideology of technological modernity and capitalism. However, 1968 Revolution, gave a glimmer of hope for emancipation modernity by challenging to technological modernity. Modernization of Ottoman, which started in the eighteenth century, continued to accelerate in the nineteenth century. The Western-secular modernizer bureaucracy that led to Ottoman modernization, tried to set up liberal values and liberal state values, which were taken as an example for Ottoman state, through 1876 constitutional movement and 1908 Revolution. The idea to create bourgeoisie by state and westernization attempts of this so-called bureaucratic tradition continued with a great momentum after the establishment of Turkish Republic. Since the notion of Republic modernization to generate "western-national-secular society/state" was substantially completed after the Second World War, the process following this, conservative modernity took the place of republican modernisation or Kemalism. Key Words: Modernisation, Modernity, Modernisation of Ottoman, Modernisation of Republic, Conservative Modernity.