Determination of phenolic and fatty acid content of Erzincan keltati (Alchemilla erzincanensis) investigation of antioxidant and antiproliferative activity

Introduction and Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the phenolic and fatty acid content of Alchemilla erzincanensis and to investigate its antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Material and Method: Total phenolic and flavonoid substance amounts of water, methanol, hexane and chloroform extracts obtained from the plant were determined by Folin Ciocalteu and Aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively, and phenolic and fatty acid contents were determined by GC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated through DPPH free radical scavenging, ABTS cation radical scavenging, and chelating Fe2+ metal ions. The antiproliferative activities of the extracts against breast (MCF-7) and (MDA-MB 453) cancer cell lines were examined by XTT tests. Results: It was observed that the water extract of the plant was richer in phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the methanol extract. As a result of GC-MS analysis, abundant hexanoic acid, methyl ester, icosan, heptadecanoic acid, 9-octadecanoic acid, ricinoleic acid were detected in the plant structure. Parallel to their phenolic content, it was observed that the DPPH radical removal and metal chelating capacities of the methanol extract of the plant were higher. It was observed that the water extract removed the ABTS cation radical more. It was determined that the plant is rich in fatty acid content by GC-MS analysis. As a result of cytotoxicity tests, it was seen that the methanol extract had higher antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines compared to other extracts and exhibited the highest activity against MDA-MB 453 cells. Conclusion: In the light of the data obtained, it was concluded that the Alchemilla erzincanensis species used in this study has the potential to be evaluated in phytotherapy. Keywords: Alchemilla erzincanensis, antioxidant activity, antiproliferative activity, GC-MS, phenolic content