Analysis of al-Shawqan's work titled Feth al-Qadr in terms of form and grammar

This study deals with the life of al-Shawkānī, who lived in the 12th–13th centuries AH, and his explanations related to morphology and syntax in his tafsir Fath al-Qadīr. The work analyzes al-Shawkānī's approach to linguistic analysis, his references to earlier grammar authorities, and the preferences and evaluations he presents. Al-Shawkānī was born in Ṣan'ā' and, unlike many scholars, he continued his life in the city where he was born without traveling for knowledge. He had deep knowledge in various Islamic sciences, especially in Arabic language and tafsir. His work Fath al-Qadīr al-Jāmiʿ bayna Fannay al-Riwāya wa'l-Dirāya min ʿIlm al-Tafsīr is notable for combining both the transmitted and reason-based methods. The tafsir is important not only for its religious content but also for its detailed explanations related to Arabic language and grammar. Al-Shawkānī made extensive use of fields such as morphology, syntax, lexicology, and rhetoric in his linguistic analysis of verses. In this respect, his work serves as an important reference for both tafsir and linguistic studies. Al-Shawkānī did not limit himself to linguistic analysis, but also examined the effect of grammatical differences on meaning. Especially in his preferences regarding the parsing (iʿrāb) of words, he paid attention to how his choice contributed to the overall meaning of the verse. Thus, he placed grammatical interpretations in a functional context within tafsir, rather than presenting them in a dry manner. He also tried to explain linguistic issues by relating them to other Islamic sciences such as fiqh and hadith. His tafsir not only conveys grammatical rules, but also shows how language serves the depth of meaning in the Qur'an. The method he adopted reveals how Arabic is used as a tool in Qur'anic interpretation and shows the strong relationship between tafsir and linguistic sciences. Keywords Shawkani, Fath al-Qadir, Exegesis, Morphology, Syntax