An example about weeping for a wife by the poets deek al Jin al Homsi and Nizar Qabbani between ancient Ghazal and modern romanticism

The study consists of the analysis of poetry which is one of the most beautiful arts, closest to the heart. For ghazal has to do with love, emotion and beauty and it has always been usual since the existence of mankind. Romanticism appeared in Arabic poetry in ancient times. As Arab poets sang ghazals to the beloved until they reached the main purpose intended in the qasida. However, romanticism, with its characteristics and privileges, has developed in our modern times and has become a theoretical school. The study discusses the development of ghazal focusing on the Abbasid period and the modern times and the factors that triggered this development. The researcher chose two poets: Deek Al Jin Al Homsi from the Abbasid period and NizarQabbani from the modern times. The researcher compared these two poets who had great influence in the fields of love and ghazal. Especially the love for their spouses and the circumstances that surrounded them and affected their personalities and ghazals after the murder of their spouses, bring these two poets together at a common point in a unique and interesting way. Thus, the romantic relationships in the poems of these two poets, which are about their love and tears for their spouses, were studied. The research also highlighted some of the reasons why the researcher believes that Deek Al Jin Al Homsi was one of the most popular poets of his time and holds a place in the lost poetic heritage. The research concluded that ghazal has developed in terms of both form and content. Because ghazal was not an independent art branch in the pre-Islamic era. There are ghazal types such as chaste and frank. After the advent of Islam, the ghazal became cleaner and more ethical, and the chaste ghazal became more dominant than the frank ghazal. As a result of the economic and political development during the Umayyad period, a cultural and material ghazal emerged especially in Hijaz. However, this ghazal type adhered to some social rules. In the Abbasid period, as a result of major developments in social structure, spreading to different areas and mixing with other societies and cultures, new types of ghazalappeared that had previously been uncommon. Ghazals about men-concubines and containing condemned sexual perversion can be given as an example. Another conclusion reached by the study is that romanticism, with all its characteristic features, is a passionate and sincere feeling, an original discovery in symbolism, seeking refuge in nature, a great imagination, a renewal of the qasida in terms of form and content that's independent of the old qasida order. All this gave ghazal the highest signs of beauty and perfection and allowed it to enter the heart without permission.