Aesthetic evaluation of housing facade reforming in old and new settlements: The case of Bitlis

Mankind has created its physical, social and cultural environment by producing alternative solutions suitable for natural conditions. The structural formation has also developed within the framework of the opportunities provided by the geography. The relationship between environmental elements and design, which is clearly taken into account in traditional buildings, and its semantic and formal aesthetics are ignored in today's buildings. Many of the new structures are designed without considering environmental conditions. The construction seen in the province of Bitlis is an example of this situation. It has been observed that the housing structures produced in the Rahva region with the rapid population growth are not aesthetic. The main subject of the study; The examination of the environmental factors and the aesthetic approach on the facades of the old and new residential areas is to determine the problem of whether these facades are aesthetically pleasing to the users. The aim of the study is to analyze the facades of the residential buildings, where the new settlement in the Rahva region takes place, by comparing them with the traditional house type in the context of structural formation-aesthetic criteria, and to evaluate the obtained data in terms of design criteria in line with the preferences of the user. It is aimed to determine the factors that cause the formation of the buildings in the old settlement area of Bitlis and to make them usable in the design and shaping of the structures to be built in the new settlements. For this reason, the concept of aesthetics, architectural formation, aesthetic formation criteria and components constitute the conceptual framework of the study. Within the scope of the study, the necessary literature review was made. Information about housing structures from relevant institutions and organizations, on-site survey-analysis studies, conceptual framework of the study, visual documentation and survey applications in the old-new texture were made.The sample of the study consisted of 100 volunteer participants who lived in Bitlis for at least 1 year in order to dominate the old and new texture of Bitlis. As a data collection tool, a questionnaire consisting of 28 questions was applied to the participants by the researcher in order to compare the traditional houses with the new settlements in terms of aesthetics. SPSS data analysis program was used to evaluate the data. With the data obtained as a result of the study, it is ensured that it contributes to the design and evaluation of architectural products to be built in the future. Keywords: Formation criteria, Aesthetic shaping, Design and form, Structural shaping