Analyzing the concept of 'transparency' in the domestic architecture of various ethic groups in terms of 'privacy':'Examples of traditional Midyat houses"

Socio-economic and socio-cultural charasteristics of societies varies greatly. Every society has distinctive lifestyle, belief, and cultural elements. These differences constitute the concept of privacy within the society. This privacy conception, which changes from society to another, has also brought about an alternation in the concept of transparency. The transparency, which forms the architecture insofar as circumstances permit, rotates the occupant in accordance with the requirements of the time and changing world as well as representing functional and fictitious purposes. Thanks to the side-meanings that it evokes, the concept of transparency is a vital design criterion to be perceived and interpreted by the occupants. In this context, a comprehensive literature survey was carried out on the concept of transparency, the phenomenon of privacy and the traditional Midyat houses. As a result of the data obtained from the literature study, the scope, limitations and the area used as material were determined. Within the scope of the study, the concepts of privacy and transparency are defined and the relationship between these concepts and architecture and the types of reflection to architecture are examined. It has been investigated how the concept of transparency is reflected to architecture in terms of privacy. As a result of the data obtained from these researches; traditional Midyat Houses in Midyat district, which includes many communities of different ethnicity and different cultures, were examined. Traditional Midyat Houses; in the light of the data obtained as a result of literature surveys, on-site observation and surveys conducted with different user profiles, the privacy and lifestyles of different ethnic communities were determined. The reflections of these privacy criteria on the architectural structure were determined in terms of transparency. In this context; the understanding of transparency in the houses of different ethnic groups living in Midyat was determined and the reasons for their use in architecture and their reasons were examined and explained with examples. As a result; the questionnaires applied to different ethnic groups living in Midyat to question their socio-cultural structures, beliefs and lifestyles were evaluated with percentages using SPSS for Windows version 24.0 for statistical analysis. Shaphiro Wilk Test was used to compare the scores to the normal distribution of the answers given to the questions, and Krnkal Wallis Test was used to compare the scores with non-normal distribution among the 3 ethnic groups and Dunn Multiple Comparison Test was used to compare the scores that were found to be significant according to Kruskal Wallis Test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant when performing these tests. It has been researched which of the visual, structural, perceptual, cultural and psychological dimensions of ethnic groups' perception of privacy as transparency to Traditional Midyat Houses. Then the traditional Midyat Houses belonging to different ethnic groups were compared; it was determined how privacy phenomena shaped according to the cultures, beliefs and lifestyles of these groups affect the transparency of their houses. In this study, it is understood that the concept of life style and privacy of societies affects the formation of the house in which they live, both in the internal space regulation and in the connection with the outside world, in other words with the ratio of transparency on the fronts. In this context, when designing an architectural structure, design should be done taking into account all aspects of the structure of the society in which the user profile belongs. It is thought that architectural designs considering the social structure are very important in terms of providing user comfort and satisfaction. Keywords: Midyat, Housing, Transparency, Privacy, Ethnic Groups