The effect of different amounts of fructose consumed to body weight and some biochemical parameters

This study was conducted to determine the relation between daily dietary fructose consumption with blood biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements and nutritional habits. The study was planned on 90 (41 male, 49 female) healthy individuals (18-65 years) who are working or educating at Başkent University between November 2009 and May 2010. A questionnaire was administered to participants including personal characteristics and some nutritional habits. The nutritional status of the individuals was determined by food-frequency questionnaire, fructose-frequency questionnaire and a three days 24-h dietary record. Biochemical parameters, anthropometric measurements and physical activity levels of the participants were also determined. The mean age of the individuals was 31.9±7.15 years. Evaluation of nutritional status of the individuals, the percentage of energy from carbohydrates was determined as 44.8%. The percentage of men?s daily dietary carbohydrate intake was higher than women?s (p<0.05). The mean daily dietary fructose consumption was 42.3±22.74 g and the men?s daily dietary consumption of fructose was higher than women?s (p<0.05). The daily dietary fructose consumption was more likely in 41-50 age groups than the others (44.3±19.55 g). The percentage of fructose from energy and total carbohydrate was 7.2 % in men, 5.7% in women and 7.6% in men 7% in women, respectively. The percentages of the participants that consumes fructose daily ?50g and ?10% of the total energy was 33.3% (39% of men, 28.6% of women) and 18.9% (14.6% of men, 22.4 % of women), respectively. The main dietary fructose sources of the men and the participants within 41-50 age-group and BMI=25.0-29.9 kg/m2, was from sucrose. The mean non-alcoholic drinks were 122±123.88 ml. The participants in 21-30 age-group and the men was consumed more non-alcoholic drinks than the others. Daily fructose consumption was highest in the obese group (BMI?30 kg/m2). There were significant positive correlations between the energy intake (r=0.717, p=0.000), body weight (r=0.267, p=0.011) and fructose consumption. The effect of daily high (?50g) dietary fructose consumption, on the risk of BMI>25 kg/m2 was not statistically significant (OR=1.071; 0.439-2.616 %95 CI). Compared with the consumption of daily fructose <50g, the men who consumed 50 g and above fructose with their daily diets, have higher body weight, waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, insulin levels and have lower serum HDL-cholesterol levels. The mean waist circumferences, body fat mass percentage, serum glucose, uric acid, total cholesterol, triglyceride, SGOT, SGPT levels were higher and HDL-cholesterol level was lower in women who consumed ?50 g and above fructose (p>0.05). The frequency of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome was 14.4% and 10%, respectively. As a conclusion, dietary fructose from added sugar as high fructose corn syrup may causes major risks in obesity, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, Type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, hyperuricemia, gout and metabolic syndrome. So, the healthy preference of fructose source in diets is fruit and the amount of safe dietary intake of fructose may accept as 10% of total energy.