The comparison of metacarpal cartilage thickness, hand strength and functions in different sports branches

The aim of the study was evaluation effects of impact and loading exposed in training programs on articular cartilage and hand functions in athletes. 19 weightlifters, 23 volleyball players and 46 healthy control were enrolled in this study. Demographic and clinical information (age, height, weight, sports branch, duration in sport, dominant hand) was assessed. Bilateral 2-5. finger metacarpal head cartilage thickness was measured with ultrasonography, hand grip strength was measured with Jamar dynamometer, pinch strength (lateral, tip to tip and three jaw chuck pinch) were measured with pinchmeter. Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire was completed with each participant. Metacarpal cartilage thickness in the athletes was higher than control group. Cartilage thickness in weightlifters was statistically significant thicker than volleyball players. In all groups, there were no differences between dominant hand and non-dominant hand metacarpal cartilage thicknesses within the group. In athletes, hand grip and pinch strength were found higher than control group. In weightlifting athletes, the score of work performance in the Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire was lower than the other groups and the score of pain was higher than the other groups. In conclusion, the presence of higher cartilage thickness measurements in weightlifters and volleyball players than healthy physically inactive men suggests that impact and high loading on joints make changes on the articular cartilage structure.