Effect of different agricultural wastes on yield and quality in cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum

In this study, it was aimed to determine the cultivation condition of Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi mushroom), which has not widely been produced in Turkey, and to find the most suitable substrate materials and their mixing ratios by testing the effects of different substrates on yield and quality of Reishi mushroom. Spawn of G. lucidum was obtained from Atatürk Horticultural Central Research Institute (Yalova, Turkey). The sapwn of G. lucidum was inoculated into substrate mixtures; C (oak), B1(2 oak + 1 wheat bran), B2 (2 peanut shell + 1 wheat bran), B3(1 oak + 1 peanut shell + 1 wheat bran), B4 (2 corn cob + 1 wheat bran), B5 (1 oak + 1 corn cob + 1 wheat bran), B6 (2 vine pruning waste + 1 wheat bran), B7 (1oak + 1 vine pruning waste + 1 wheat bran). In the study, pH analysis and moisture content (%) parameters were determined in the growing mixures at three different periods and the growing mixtures were compared in terms of mycelia development time (day), yield (g), biological efficiency (%) and average mushroom weight (g). At the end of study, while the shortest mycelia development time was obtained from B3 and B6 with 28 days, the longest was found in C with 42 days. In protein analysis performed on dried mushroom samples, the highest protein content was 48.56% in B4 and the lowest was 23.80% in C. Dry matter was 25.24% in B1 and 22.13% in B4. The highest mushroom yield (total yield) was obtained in B4 with 66.58%, while the lowest yield was recorded in C with 25.32%. The mushroom weight (for a single mushroom) was recorded the highest as 19.73 g in B4 and the lowest as 12.09 g in B1. While the highest cap thickness was observed in the B4 with 10.24%, the lowest value was found in the C with 8.68%. The largest cap diameter was recorded in B5 with 50.63% and the smallest cap diameter was found in B4 with 45.23%. The rate of biological activity varied between 5.31% (C) and 16.37% (B4). Keywords: Reishi mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum, cultivation, substrat