Northern Syria on the axis of Fatimi and Batini politics (971-1193)

Northern Syria has always been important in every period of history. The geographical structure and strategic location of the region are the most important factors that make this importance possible. In addition to being a point that the authorities can use for attack and defense due to its geographical structure, the region is very suitable for transitions. The primary purpose of the south-based expeditions over the region is mostly aimed at ensuring the security of Egypt. North-based expeditions, on the other hand, are to reach the riches of Egypt rather than creating a defensive set. The chapters covered in our thesis are aimed at determining the claims of domination over the region by two different authorities, such as Fatimids and Bâtinis, and the political-social and economic relations of these claimants. The first chapter focuses on the Fatimids' direct operations on Syria in order to organize expeditions to Baghdad by taking advantage of the transition feature of the region after they conquered Egypt in 969, and the effects of the relations they established with the local authorities in Southern Syria on the Fatimids. In the second part, the internal and external factors that caused the success and failure of the Northern Syria policy, which is seen as the future policy, by including the effects of the Fatimid State in the period of the guardians as of the end of the 10th century, were discussed and the Northern Syria policy of the Fatimids was terminated. In the third chapter, together with the separation of Mustâ'lî-Nizârî in the Fatimid State, the birth of Nizarism as a new Iran-based authority under the leadership of Hasan Sabah, and the relations and city structuring of this authority, generally known as Batinis, in the Northern Syria region are discussed. In the fourth chapter, the factors that caused the Batinids to retreat from the cities in Northern Syria to the castles on the outskirts of Jabal Bahra as early as 1029 and that the Bâtini dawah reached its peak in Northern Syria with the Raşidüddin Sinan period in the castles period are discussed. As a result of the thesis, we determined that the century-old policy of Northern Syria, which could cause great destruction, failed as a result of the internal factions of the Fatimids and the instability of domination in Southern Syria. We have found that the Bâtinis, another authority on the region, are the cornerstones that maintain the opportunities provided by the regional geography, and we have stated how important geographical opportunities are in political conflicts.