Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and its relationship with psychological states, sleep quality, and oral health-related life quality in fibromyalgia patients

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and its association with sleep quality, oral health-related life quality, and psychological states. This case-control study included 41 women who were diagnosed with FM according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and 41 healthy women who were not diagnosed with FM. Participants were examined by a rheumatologist to diagnose FM and a dentist to diagnose TMD and bruxism. Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) were used for the diagnosis of TMD. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), oral health-related quality of life was assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), and psychological status was assessed with the Revised Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). TMD and bruxism were found more commonly in the case group (75.6% and 68.3%, respectively) than in the control group (46.3% and 29.3%, respectively). The rate of poor sleepers in the case group (43.9%) was significantly higher than the rate of poor sleepers in the control group (7.3%). In the case group, the patients showed significantly higher values in the symptom dimensions of somatization, anxiety, obsessive-compulsion, depression, psychoticism, paranoid ideation, hostility, and general severity index. Similar to the case group, the rate of poor sleepers in patients with TMD (32.0%) was significantly higher than the rate of poor sleepers in patients without TMD (15.6%). In addition, participants with TMD had significantly higher symptoms of depression than participants without TMD. In conclusion, while TMD and bruxism were found to be more common in individuals with FM in our study, FM and TMD had negative impacts on sleep quality and oral health-related quality of life. It was determined that there was a negative relationship between these disorders and the general psychopathological state.