The effect of 50 g glucose screening test and 100 g glucose tolerance test on maternal oxidative status in pregnancy

Background: Gestational diyabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity, which is first noticed in pregnancy or started during pregnancy. GDM patients did not have diyabetes before pregnancy. All pregnant women should be screened for glucose intolerance because, research has shown that selective screening based on clinical features or past obstetric history is insufficient. Around 24th to 28th gestational weeks, regardless of the time of the day, 50 g glucose should be given for screening. However, the diagnosis is made according to the result of the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). It has been suggested that oxidative stress formation in diyabetes may be due to hyperglycemia. In our study, we investigated the effect of acute hyperglycemia on the oxidative status during glucose screening test and OGTT. Methods: : Our study was performed between December 1, 2017 and September 30, 2018 in Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Health Practice and Research Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in blood plazma, taken from 86 pregnant women who underwent 50 g glucose test and 20 pregnant women who underwent 100 g OGTT around 24th to 28th gestational weeks, was measured and oxidative stress index (OSI) was calculated with the help of these values. TAS, TOS and OSI levels after oral glucose loading were compared to the fasting TAS, TOS and OSI levels of the same patients. Results: TAS, TOS and OSI changes during both the 50 g glucose screening test and 100 g OGTT were not significant. It was determined that hyperglycemia during these tests did not increase oxidative stress significantly. In addition, it was determined that there was no oxidative stress during these two screening tests in pregnant women with GDM. Discussion: Our study is an original study in terms of the oxidative stress station with glucose screening test and 100 gr OGTT during pregnancy. While previous studies mostly focused on the effect of oxidative stress on blood and tissue in chronic hyperglycemia, we investigated the effect of acute hyperglycemia on acute oxidative stress in pregnant women. In our study, there was no increase in oxidative stress after glucose loading in pregnant women. Conclusion: : In our study, we found that glucose given to pregnant women during 50 g glucose screening test and 100g OGTT did not create any acute oxidative stress. In comparison with the development of acute oxidative stress, we found that acute hyperglycemia was not significantly create any change at the levels of TAS and TOS. However, more studies should be supported. Keywords: Gestational Diyabetes Mellitus, 50 g Glucose Screening Test, 100 g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), Oxidative Stress, Total Oxidant Status (TOS), Total Antioxidant Status (TAS), Oxidative Stress Index (OSI)