The Technical and artistic charecteristics of Kula carpets and new design proposals

ABSTRACT Carpet weaving in Kula region has its roots in the 14th century; the time when the Turkish rule started in Kula. Carpet production took its regional character in the 17th century as the avaible examples show. If we look at the historical development of Kula carpet weaving, we discover that it is only possible to study the art of carpet weaving under two distinct periods: the first period starts from the 17th century lasts in the 1860'es, when various foreign carpet manufacturers became influential in the market. This period is marked with authentic carpet craftsmanship. The second period begins in 1860 and is marked with certain foreign influences and commercial interests. When the known prototypes of Kula carpets are closelly inspected, it becomes evident that these have sedjade (prayer rug) measurements and contain mihrab (prayer arch) composition as the main style feature. These carpets-even if they are named after popular brand names-when their compositions are taken into account, it becomes clear that they can be grouped under four sections: compositions with single prayer arch, compositions with double prayer arches, medallion compositions, sprinkled motives-freestyle compositions. Nowadays, very little of Kula carpet weaving with regionally authentic designs remain. Most carpet manufacturers geared for foreign market's dictates. Carpets are manufactured with designs that are demanded by the European and American market conditions and tastes. In spite of all these, Kula is one of the main carpet production centers in West Anatolia and carpet weaving in Kula is surelly a great contribition to Turkish economy.