Evaluation of flax (linum usitatissimum L.) varieties growed with traditional and different organic fertilizers in terms of agricultural and technological properties

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), which is grown worldwide for oil and fiber production, is an important industrial product that is considered a potential functional foodstuff due to its numerous health benefits as well as oil and fiber production. This study was conducted to determine the effects of chemical and organic fertilization on the growth, yield and oil content of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum L.). The study, which was conducted in the summer season of 2022 and 2023, was established in the Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture Field Crops experimental area and the organic farming field of the department, according to the split-plot trial design in randomized blocks with four replications. The main plots consisted of flax varieties (Kara Kız, Sarı Dane, Beyaz Gelin), and the sub-plots consisted of fertilization methods (vermicompost, animal manure, seaweed, humic acid, traditional method and control). In the study, the agricultural properties of flax such as plant height, number of branches per plant, number of side branches, number of capsule branches per plant, capsule weight per plant, number of seeds per plant, biological weight, capsule width, capsule length and technological properties of flax such as oil ratio, palmitic acid ratio, stearic acid ratio, oleic acid ratio, linoleic acid ratio, alphalinoleic acid ratio, heneicosanic acid ratio, arachidic acid ratio and behenic acid ratio were evaluated. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the oil rate was 31.54-35.42% among varieties, 32.25-34-74% among fertilizer treatments, plant height was 39.52-46.7 cm among varieties, 40.37-46.01 cm among fertilizer treatments, technical stem length was 15.80-18.28 cm among varieties, 14.25-19.68 cm among fertilizer treatments, palmitic acid rate was 6.65-7.60% among varieties, 7.09-7.34% among fertilizer treatments, oleic acid rate was 28.69-31.92% among varieties, 28.75-32.20% among fertilizer treatments, linoleic acid rate was 18.83-20.14% among varieties, 18.13-20.44% among fertilizer treatments. It was determined that the Kara Kız flax variety provided the best results in terms of fatty acid profile and agricultural productivity in the region where the study was conducted. In addition, while the traditional fertilization method provided superior results in terms of many agricultural characteristics, the different organic fertilization methods used in the study also attracted attention, especially in terms of sustainable agriculture.