Compliance with related legislation of physiochemical analysis of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) sours produced by traditional method and investigation of its antioxidant properties

Fruits are foods that prevent cell oxidation, contain color pigments and are rich in natural antioxidants. Pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.), which has a high phenolic content, is also a food product with high antioxidant activity and is known as a strong source of antioxidants. Diseases such as heart, vascular, diabetes and cancer, which have increased recently, are generally related to overnutrition or malnutrition. Especially since the production of antioxidants in the body is disrupted as age progresses, resistance of the body must be enhanced by consuming food products with high antioxidant activity. It is known that pomegranate fruit has many biological activity properties as well as antioxidant activity. In addition, pomegranate fruit is a food product that is mostly consumed in terms of daily intake, and, it is also often used as an aroma in dishes and salads in the form of pomegranate sour. In this study, compliance with related legislation of physicochemical properties and antioxidant properties of in total of 16 pomegranate sour samples, which traditionally produced in laboratory with a rotary evaporator, commercial and homemade in our country, was examined. In our study, the antioxidant capacity of methanolic extracts pomegranate sours were determined using DPPH DPPH radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total flavonoid content (TFC) total phenolic content (TPC), ABTS●+ radical scavenging. In the pomegranate sour samples used in the study, the lowest activity values were determined as 10.35 mg/kg and the highest 23071.66 mg/kg by DPPH method. In the samples analyzed by FRAP method, the minimum value was 513.91 mg FESO4/kg and the maximum value was 5896.32 mg FESO4/kg. The lowest and highest values of the total phenolic substance content in the samples were measured as 1328.01 mg GAE (Gallic acid equivalent)/kg and 8029.95 mg GAE (Gallic acid equivalent)/kg, respectively. The lowest and highest values of total flavonoid content were determined as 367.76 mg QEE (in catechin)/kg, m 25230.20 mg QEE (in catechin)/kg. Total antioxidant capacity was determined as minimum 1266.40 mg/kg and maximum value as 7070.30 mg /kg. While most of the pomegranate sour samples had strong antioxidant capacity, activity values of pomegranate sour samples numbered N10 and N15 were considerably lower. The pH ranges of pomegranate sour samples were determined between 1.99 and 3.10 and the pH values of pomegranate sour samples numbered N7, N8, N10 and N15 were not compliance with TSE 12720 pomegranate sour standard. % titration acidity values of pomegranate sour samples were determined from the range of 2.87-8.88%. Brix values of % of the samples examined were determined in the range of 59.10-75.90%, and according to TSE 12720 pomegranate sour standard, this value should be at least 68%. pomegranate sour samples numbered N12, N13 and N14 were determined below the % Brix value specified in the standard. HMF values were determined as a minimum of 13.250 mg/kg and the maximum value was determined as 8344.320 mg/kg in the pomegranate sour samples. According to TSE 12720 pomegranate sour standard, HMF content of the samples should be no more than 50 mg/kg. Among the samples used in the study, only N8, N16 and sample produced in the laboratory comply with this standard. Other samples have been measured above the limit values. As a result, it was determined that the pomegranate sour samples had high phenolic content and showed a high level of antioxidant activity in accordance with this situation.