Nutritional composition and gossypol level of genetically-improved the nazilli glandless cotton seed, and cold expeller cotton seed meal

This study was carried out to determine the nutrient composition and gossypol levels of glandless cottonseed with and without shells and cottonseed meal obtained by cold squeezing of the seed with and without shells (glandless Nazilli variety). In nutrient analyzes, according to the dry matter fed basis (DM), DM, crude protein (HP), crude fat (CF), crude cellulose (CC), ash and nitrogen free extract (NFE) levels for corticated and decorticated cotton were 94.79% and 96.65%, 26.73% and 40.05%; 23.25% and 37.13%; 17.65% and 2.28%; 4.13% and 4.75%; 23.03% and 12.45%; for corticated and decorticated cottonseed meal were 94.77% and 94.99%; 33.24% and 42.09%; 25.39% and 32.36%; 13.94% and 7.78%; 4.65% and 5.02%; 17.55% and 7.74% respectively. Decorticated cotton seed (kernel) on DM basis; CP (P <0,05), CF (P <0,05), ash (P <0,01) and starch were found to have the highest values compared to corticated cotton seed. The highest values were obtained in terms of organic matter, CC and NFE compared to corticated cotton seed (P <0.05). As a result of nutrient analysis of cotton seed meal, no difference was observed between corticated and decorticated cotton seed meal samples in terms of organic matter and metabolic energy values (P> 0.05). The CP (P <0,01), CF (P <0,05) and ash (P <0,05) values of the decorticated cottonseed meal were higher than those of the corticated cottonseed meal. It was found that the values of corticated cottonseed meal was higher than those of the decorticated cottonseed meal in terms of CC, starch (P <0,05) and NFE (P <0,01). The cottonseed macro mineral contents with corticated and without decorticated as DM basis were found to be 1,18±0.01% and 1,09±0.00% K (P<0,05); 0,66±0,01% and 1,01±0,01% P (P<0,01); 0,30±0,01% and 0,42±0,01% S (P<0,01); 0,37±0,00% and 0,47±0,00% Mg (P<0,01); 0,13±0,00% and 0,11±0,00% Ca (P<0,01) respectively. Non-essential heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni and Al) were found to be well below the levels that would not threaten plant seed and animal health. Twenty fatty acids were identified in the raw cotton seed oil and among fatty acids, the main component was linoleic acid (C18:2 ω6; 55.55±0,061%). The content in unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) was found higher than that of saturated fatty acids (SFAs). The total phenolics concentration of corticated cotton seed and decorticated cotton seed meal were 7,87±0,05 and 2,18±0,02; 5,86±0,02 and 1,91±0,01 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/kg respectively (P<0,01). The free and total gossipol levels of corticated cotton seed and decorticated cotton seed were 294±15 and 440 ± 4; 521 ± 2 and 706 ± 20 mg/kg. In conclusion, it was found that Nazilli glandless cottonseed and cottonseed meal had relatively low levels of gossypol and high level of linoleic acid fatty acid and was relatively higher in nutrient properties; It can be said that the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds, which are rarely found in Nazilli glandless cottonseed and cottonseed meal can potentially contribute to animal health and production efficiency. 2019, 69 PAGE KEYWORDS: Cotton Seed, Gossypol, Cold Press Meal, Nutrient