Determination of bioactive, biochemical and nutrient contents of cranberry bush (Viburnum opulus L.) fruits

This study was carried out in 2012 - 2013 growing season in order to determine pomological characteristics ( fruit weight, Fruit length, fruit widths, colur, TSS and pH), bioactive (total phenol, total anthocyanin, total flavonoid, antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition), biochemical (aroma, sugar, organic acid, vitamin C and fatty acid profıle), macro (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and micro (Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn) nutrient elements content in Cranberry bush fruits from different locations (Ardahan Merkez, Sivas Gemerk, Kayseri Develi, Gümüşhane Kelkit). The highest values of fruit̕ s weight (g), height and width (cm) were obtained from Ardahan Merkez location. Aroma analysis was determined by HS (headspace) and IM (Immersion) GC/MS (Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) techniques using different features of SPME (Solid Phase Micro Extraction) tips (CAR/PDMS 75μ, CAR/PDMS 85μ, DVB/CAR/PDMS and PDMS). The most abundant compounds in aroma analysis by HS-SPME/GC/MS techniques were 3-methyl butanoic acid and acetic acid. In the analysis performed by the IM/SPME/GC/MS technique; 1-hydroxy-2-propanone and 3-methyl butanoic acid and acetic acid compounds have been identified as major volatile and semi volatiles. In comparison of different SPME tips extractions, CAR/PDMS tip showed the best results. In the analysis of fatty acids, oleic acid (from Kayseri Develi location) and linoleic acid (from Gümüşhane Kelkit location) were determined as dominant fatty acids, respectively. Among other quality criteria, the best results of TSS, total sugar and organic acid were gained from Ardahan Merkez. The highest values of total phenolic content (1234.89 mgGEA / 100gext) and total flavonoids content (336.6 mgrut / 100gext) were identified from Sivas Gemerek location whereas the total anthocyanin content value (188.5 ppm) and antioxidant activities were found from Ardahan Merkez location. As a result of micro and micro nutrients elements of fruit analysis, values did not pursue any specific argued rules. Key Words: Cranberry bush, Quality Criteria, different altitude, SPME, antioxidant capacity determination, Nutrient element