Investigation of the protective activity of Gallic acid on the liver in glyphosate toxicity

Introduction and purpose: Glyphosate (GLP) is one of the most widely used herbicides worldwide. It has been proven in previous studies that it creates significant toxic effects such as hepatotoxicity in mammals. Gallic acid (GA), a natural antioxidant, is a natural polyphenolic compound found in fruits, vegetables, green tea, coffee and sumac. In this study, we aimed to examine whether gallic acid, a natural antioxidant, would have a protective effect on hepatotoxicity. Material and Method: In our study, 28 male Wistar Albino rats, aged 8-10 weeks, were used. The rats were divided into 4 groups of 7. Group 1: Control group, Group 2: GLP group, Group 3: GA group, Group 4: GLP + GA group. Results: Immunohistochemical evaluation showed positive expressions of Bcl-2 and IL-6 cytokines in the GLP group. It was observed that it suppressed inflammation pathways in the GLP+GA group. It was observed that the TAS value was lowest in the GLP group, and there was a significant decrease between the GLP group and the GLP+GA group. The highest TAS value was seen in the GLP+GA group. The highest TOS value was observed in the GLP group. A significant increase was observed between the GLP group and the GLP+GA group. Considering MDA levels, they were highest in the GLP group and lower in the GLP+GA group. While the AST level was highest in the GLP group, it was observed that there was a significant difference between them and the GLP + GA group and was lower in the GLP + GA group. It was observed that the indirect bilirubin value was highest in the GLP group and decreased when GLP and GA were applied. No significant difference was observed between the groups in direct bilirubin, ALT and albumin values. Conclusion: While glyphosate negatively affected the histopathological, immunological and biochemical parameters in rat liver, a positive improvement was observed in most of these parameters when glyphosate and gallic acid were applied together. Keywords: Glyphosate, Gallic acid, Hepatotoxicity, Oxidative stress