Determination of some phytochemical characteristics of seeded raisins of South-east Anatolia region

In this study, some phytochemical properties of the major Southeastern Anatolian Region of Turkish seeded dried grape varieties of Besni (Adıyaman), Banazı Siyahı (Malatya), Kerküs (Mardin), Horoz Karası (Şanlıurfa), Dımışkı and Rumi (Gaziantep), were investigated. In of the study, some physical [(cluster weight (g), 100 weight (g), grain size and grain size)] and quality characteristics [(dry matter (%), pH and tartaric acid amounts (g/l)], total phenolics, total flavonoids, antioxidant activities of the samples were investigatedon crushed raisins. In addition, elemantal composition of soil (grapevine), grape seeds, leaves and grape berries and skin of these grape varieties were investigated. The total amount of phenolic composition was determined by the Folin Ciocalteu method (equivalent to pyrocatechol) and the total flavonoid amount with the aluminum nitrate method (equivalent to quercetin). It has been found that the total flavonoid content both berry+skin and leaf, is poorer than the grape seed extract. Antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH, ABTS and CUPRAC antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. According to three methods, the antioxidant activity values of raisin seed extracts of grapes were determined to be higher than leaf and berry and skin extracts. However, the highest level of antioxidant activity (88.72 μg / ml) was found in the white grape variety, Kerküş seed extract (ABTS). Phenolic and antioxidant capacities in black seeded varieties are generally high. In addition, total phenolic content was found to be 55.88 μg / mg and total flavonide was found to be 13.72 μg / mg in Kerküş seed extracts. Antioxidant activities of the seeds of Besni grape variety (87.31μg / ml) and leaf extracts (81.50 μg / ml) were also found high. Another important finding is that the vine leaves have high antioxidant activity close to the seed extracts. Banazı Black, Horoz Karası and Rumi black grape varieties was investigated high antioxidant activity according to the analysis method. On the other hand, the total phenolic content in the grape variety Dımışkı was found to be the lowest similarly, the antioxidant capacity was found at the lowest level. Mineral matter (Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe and Zn) contents were detected in ICP-OES method. Potassium, calcium, magnesium and sodium elements were found in all of the seeds, leaves and berry and skin extracts.